"First they came for the Communists,
- but I was not a communist, so I did not speak out.
Then they came for the Socialists and the Trade Unionists,
- but I was neither, so I did not speak out.
Then they came for the Jews,
- but I was not a Jew, so I did not speak out.
And when they came for me, there was no one left to speak out for me"
MARTIN NIEMÖLLER
The writings of German theologian Martin Niemöller, himself an inmate of Sachsenhausen concentration camp from 1937, reflected the dilemma for many Germans after the war: did they really know nothing of the incomprehensible Nazi atrocities, or did they prefer not to know? Make up your own mind.
Sachsenhausen was the first of the German concentration camps. Between 1936 and 1945, more than 200,000 people of over 40 nationalities were confined there, of whom thousands perished from malnutrition, sickness, exhaustion, abuse, or were murdered by the SS. Initially planned as a prototype and training centre, it later became the administrative headquarters for all concentration camps.
Mass shootings in the back of the neck of "politically and racially unacceptable" prisoners of war in a purpose-built installation took place from October 1941. The death marches, which followed the camp's evacuation in April 1945, claimed the lives of thousands more inmates.
We'll view the barracks, cells and places of execution.